Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age, is widely known for causing menstrual irregularities, weight gain, acne, fertility challenges, and mood swings. However, one critical yet often overlooked aspect of PCOS is insulin resistance—a condition that can significantly increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Tripti Raheja, lead consultant in obstetrics and gynaecology at CK Birla Hospital, Delhi, highlighted the link between PCOS and insulin resistance. “Insulin is a hormone that helps the body convert sugar from food into energy.
When the body becomes resistant to insulin, cells fail to respond properly. To compensate, the body produces more insulin, which over time can raise blood sugar levels and lead to type 2 diabetes,” she explained.
Dr. Raheja noted that insulin resistance is common among women with PCOS, regardless of their weight. “High insulin levels not only increase diabetes risk but also worsen PCOS symptoms by stimulating the ovaries to produce more male hormones, such as testosterone. This can cause increased acne, unwanted facial hair, and further disrupt the menstrual cycle,” she said.
The gynaecologist emphasized the importance of managing insulin resistance to prevent serious health issues. “If left unchecked, it can lead to type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes during pregnancy, and even cardiovascular problems later in life,” Dr. Raheja warned.
She advised that lifestyle and dietary interventions can significantly improve insulin sensitivity. “A balanced diet rich in whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and fiber, combined with regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management, can support hormonal balance and reduce long-term diabetes risk. Women with PCOS should also monitor their blood sugar levels regularly.
Early awareness and small, consistent changes can make a significant difference,” Dr. Raheja added.
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