Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops when abnormal cells grow in the colon, a part of the large intestine responsible for breaking down food and helping the body absorb nutrients.
Once considered primarily a disease of older adults, colon cancer is increasingly affecting younger people. While India has fewer cases than Western countries, the rising incidence underscores the need for earlier screening, greater public awareness, and updated diagnostic approaches.
Gastroenterologist Dr. Joseph Salhab recently shared insights on Instagram about colon cancer, explaining how it develops, its warning signs, and treatment options. He emphasized that early detection is key to successful treatment.
What a Healthy Colon Looks Like
Dr. Salhab shared an image of a healthy colon, noting, “A colon should appear fairly uniform in color, with a smooth surface and no abnormal growths or inflammation.”
How Colon Cancer Develops
According to Dr. Salhab, most colon cancers begin as small polyps. “They can start off tiny, but if left untreated, they gradually grow larger,” he explained. Over time, these polyps can develop into cancer.
Symptoms of Colon Cancer
As polyps grow, they can disrupt normal bowel function. “Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bleeding, or changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or more frequent bowel movements,” Dr. Salhab said. “These occur because stool struggles to pass past the growth, and the colon isn’t emptied properly.”
Early Detection and Treatment
Dr. Salhab stressed the importance of recognizing symptoms and seeking medical advice promptly. “Catching polyps early is crucial. They are easily removable and curable, and once removed, they will not develop into cancer,” he said.
Modern colonoscopy techniques allow doctors to remove polyps safely. “We can excise these growths and close the small cut afterward, leaving your colon as good as new,” Dr. Salhab added.
Related topic：
