Researchers in Hungary have developed the first screening tool designed to identify dogs that may show signs of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The test, created at Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, looks for patterns of behavior in dogs that mirror ADHD symptoms in humans—such as hyperactivity, impulsivity, and difficulty focusing.
How the Screening Works
The method was tested on nearly 1,900 dogs. Of those, 79 met the criteria for being “at risk” for ADHD. The prevalence rate, researchers noted, is similar to what’s been reported in adults with ADHD, though somewhat lower than rates seen in children.
“This prevalence rate is surprisingly similar to what has been reported in adults with ADHD,” said Dr. Márta Gácsi, a lead researcher on the study.
The screening tool is not intended to provide a formal diagnosis on its own. Instead, researchers see it as a way to help identify dogs that may benefit from further evaluation or behavioral support.
Recognizing Symptoms in Dogs
According to the study, potential signs of ADHD in dogs include:
- Restlessness and constant movement
- Trouble focusing on tasks or commands
- Impulsive behaviors
- Difficulty completing learned activities
However, experts caution that these behaviors can also be influenced by breed traits, lifestyle, or lack of exercise.
The American Kennel Club notes that highly active breeds—such as German Shepherds, Border Collies, and terriers—are more likely to show restlessness if their activity needs aren’t met.
Risk Factors and Prevention
In addition to breed tendencies, other risk factors include age, sex, and how much time a dog spends alone. Dogs that lack stimulation or exercise may show stronger ADHD-like behaviors.
Making sure dogs receive regular physical activity, mental enrichment, and attention from their owners can help reduce symptoms. Some may also benefit from specialized training programs.
Links to Human ADHD
ADHD is one of the most common developmental disorders in children, affecting more than 7 million kids in the U.S. alone. While the exact cause remains unknown, researchers believe genetics, environment, and early life experiences may all play a role.
“In human diagnostics, symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity alone do not necessarily indicate ADHD,” said Dr. Nóra Bunford, a clinical psychologist involved in the project. “A key element is whether these symptoms negatively impact everyday life.”
The researchers emphasize that a full diagnosis for dogs should include multiple sources: owner questionnaires, behavioral testing, and professional evaluation.
What’s Next
The Hungarian team hopes to refine their screening tool to make it even more accurate, though it’s unclear when it might become available for widespread use.
For now, the findings highlight the importance of understanding how ADHD-like behaviors may affect dogs—and how proper care, training, and exercise can make a difference.
READ MORE
Prenatal Opioid Use Not Tied to Higher Autism or ADHD Risk
ADHD Medications Often Prescribed Too Quickly for Young Children
ADHD in Adult Women: Missed Childhood Signs and Later Diagnosis
