A new study led by researchers from the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center suggests that most of the benefits from hormone therapy for prostate cancer occur within the first 9 to 12 months.
Extending treatment beyond this period may offer little extra protection and increase the risk of other health problems, including heart disease and metabolic issues.
The study found that the ideal duration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) varies by cancer risk level. Men with low-risk prostate cancer may not need ADT at all. Those with intermediate-risk disease get the most benefit from 6 to 12 months of therapy. High-risk patients may benefit from up to 12 months, while men with very high-risk cases could require longer treatment.
ADT is a common hormone therapy given with radiation to slow prostate cancer growth by lowering testosterone levels. While effective, long-term use can lead to side effects such as bone and muscle loss, as well as cardiovascular complications.
Current clinical guidelines suggest 4 to 6 months of ADT for intermediate-risk patients and 18 to 36 months for high-risk patients, but the best duration has remained uncertain.
The research team analyzed data from 13 international clinical trials involving more than 10,000 men. This meta-analysis, conducted through the MARCAP Consortium, compared survival outcomes and deaths from other causes across different treatment durations.
Researchers concluded that shorter therapy courses may be enough for many patients, reducing the risk of side effects while maintaining good cancer control.
The findings emphasize the importance of developing personalized treatment plans that consider a patient’s cancer risk, overall health, age, and preferences. By tailoring therapy, doctors can improve both the safety and quality of life for men with prostate cancer.
Related topics
