A pair of recent surveys conducted by The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center (OSUCCC) highlights widespread gaps in Americans’ understanding of prostate and testicular cancer, particularly regarding early detection and common misconceptions.
The surveys, carried out through the SSRS Opinion Panel Omnibus—a national, probability-based survey conducted twice per month—revealed that many adults are unaware of key signs and risk factors for these cancers.
Prostate Cancer Awareness Lags
The prostate cancer survey collected responses from 1,004 adults between August 1–4, 2025, mostly via web. Findings show that 80% of participants did not know that prostate cancer often develops without physical symptoms and is typically diagnosed through a blood test.
“Prostate cancer begins in the prostate gland and often doesn’t cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages,” said Edmund Folefac, MD, medical oncologist at OSUCCC – James and clinical associate professor at Ohio State College of Medicine. “Regular screening is critical because the disease is highly treatable when caught early.”
The survey highlighted disparities among racial groups: only 12% of Black adults versus 21% of White adults recognized that early-stage prostate cancer is often asymptomatic, despite Black men facing higher risk. Conversely, Black participants were more likely to identify less common symptoms such as fatigue (33% vs. 24% of White participants) and weight loss (30% vs. 20%).
Folefac emphasized the importance of family history in risk assessment, urging men with relatives diagnosed with prostate cancer to begin screenings early and regularly.
Misconceptions About Testicular Cancer
An earlier survey of 1,008 adults conducted May 2–5, 2025, explored perceptions of testicular cancer. Only 13% of respondents correctly identified that the disease most often affects men under 40. Despite guidance that self-exams are most relevant for men aged 20–40, 65% incorrectly believed evaluations should focus on men over 40.
“In my experience, many young men are surprised to learn that testicular cancer is most common in their twenties and thirties,” said Shawn Dason, MD, urologic oncologist at OSUCCC – James. “Young men may be more focused on career or daily life than health, which underscores the need for awareness.”
Encouragingly, 63% of respondents knew testicular cancer is often curable if detected early, and 54% correctly reported that monthly self-checks are recommended. Awareness varied by age: younger adults were more aware of the cancer’s impact on fertility but more likely to mistakenly believe that symptoms are always painful.
“Testicular cancer usually does not cause pain, making routine self-exams essential,” Dason added. “Any unusual lump, bump, or change in size should prompt a doctor’s visit.”
The findings point to a critical need for public education campaigns to improve early detection and dispel misconceptions surrounding prostate and testicular cancers.
